Why it is nessacery to get screenings and how are they done?
Detecting the disease at an early stage allows you to prevent its development and even save lives when it comes to oncological formations. Screening studies are carried out according to the guaranteed volume of medical care and compulsory health insurance, depending on the type of screening.
The Social Health Insurance Fund told how the screenings are carried out and who should get them.
What are screening tests?
Screening tests are medical examinations of people who do not have health complaints in order to detect diseases in the early stages. Screenings are aimed at protecting public health. Their passage is the responsibility of citizens. According to the Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan “On people’s health and the health care system”, employers are obliged to create all conditions for their employees to undergo screening, including letting them go from work so that a person can slowly pass the examination. To undergo screening, it is necessary that the patient has the status of an insured in the compulsory health insurance system.
Who should be screened?
Screenings are given to those who belong to a certain age group for which the examinations are provided. For example, women from 30 to 70 years old are screened for cervical cancer once every 4 years. If the patient is on the screening list this year, the community nurse will invite him for screening and tell you how to prepare for the test. The survey is not carried out for those who are already on the “D” register for the disease, subject to screening.
Types of screenings, when and whom is to get them?
FOR EARLY IDENTIFICATION OF BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTORS
Target group: Men and women aged 30-70.
The examination is carried out for the early detection of arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus, glaucoma, oncopathology. Frequency of passage: once every 4 years. FOR EARLY DETECTION OF ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION, ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE AND DIABETES MELLITUS
Target group: Men and women aged 40-70 years who are not on follow-up with arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease and diabetes mellitus. Frequency of passage: 1 time in 2 years
FOR EARLY DETECTION OF GLAUCOMA
Target group: Men and women aged 40-70 years who are not on follow-up with glaucoma. Frequency of passage: 1 time in 2 years
FOR EARLY DETECTION OF CERVICAL CANCER
Target group: Women aged 30-70 years who are not under follow-up with malignant neoplasms of the cervix. Frequency of passage: 1 time in 4 years
FOR EARLY DETECTION OF BREAST CANCER
Target group: Women aged 40-70 years who are not on follow-up with malignant neoplasms of the mammary gland. Frequency of passage: 1 time in 2 years
FOR EARLY DETECTION OF COLORECTAL CANCER Target group: Men and women aged 50-70 years who are not under dynamic observation with benign and malignant neoplasms of the colon. Frequency of passage: 1 time in 2 years
FOR EARLY DETECTION OF VIRAL HEPATITIS B AND C
This type of research is carried out among the following risk groups. Medical workers: – blood service organizations conducting invasive procedures involved in blood processing; engaged in hemodialysis; – surgical, dental, gynecological, obstetric, hematological profiles, also conducting invasive methods of diagnosis and treatment; – clinical, immunological, virological, bacteriological, parasitological laboratories; Persons entering planned and emergency operations; Patients of centers and departments of hemodialysis, hematology, oncology, transplantation, cardiovascular and pulmonary surgery; Patients receiving blood transfusion, transplantation and transplantation of organs (parts of organs), tissues, reproductive, fetal, stem cells and biological materials Pregnant women Individuals from key populations who are at increased risk of HIV infection due to lifestyle characteristics Representatives of risk groups should undergo screening studies for the early detection of viral hepatitis B and C no more than once every 6 months.
Who conducts the screening tests?
Screenings are carried out by polyclinics at the place of attachment. For patients who live in rural areas, in addition to their medical organizations (first-aid posts, feldsher-obstetric points, outpatient clinics, polyclinics and regional hospitals), screenings are carried out by mobile medical complexes and medical trains.
Stages of screening studies
Screening studies include: a preparatory stage, a stage of examination and (or) research, a final stage. The preparatory stage is carried out by a nurse in a polyclinic and includes: – drawing up a list of citizens who need to undergo screening tests;
– informing these citizens about the need and conditions for undergoing screening tests;
– inviting the population to a screening study